西安鍛銅雕塑淺析銅材料以及加工工藝
來源：內射XXX韓國在線觀看:boshidiaosu.com 發布時間：2019年01月11日
金屬是內射XXX韓國在線觀看:西(xi)安(an)鍛銅雕塑中最常見的材料之一，在鍛銅雕塑藝術發展的歷史長河中，用不同種類的金屬制造的雕塑作品非常多而且有非常重要的歷史地位和價值。不論是純粹的雕塑藝術還是日常生活所用的器皿都有金屬雕塑的優秀范例。金屬是天然的材料，它具有永恒性和高貴性，從而具有廣泛的實用價值和審美價值。金屬材料硬度高、韌性好、光澤亮，是雕塑的主要材料之一。金屬材料經過高溫可以溶化成液體，然后將其澆注入相應的模具里，待其冷卻之后即可成型為雕塑。古代人們所使用的工具、生活用品、打仗的武器都是如此制成，我國在很早以前的夏商周到春秋戰國時期的青銅器鑄造就已經達到了一個頂峰。而銅材料是制作雕塑的主要金屬材料。
一、銅的物理(li)化學性質及其分類
銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人類發現(xian)最早而(er)且(qie)又(you)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)常被應(ying)用(yong)得(de)得(de)心應(ying)手的(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)化(hua)學符號是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)Cu、原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)序數是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)29、原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)量是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)63.546，色(se)澤呈玫瑰紅(hong)色(se)，比(bi)重是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)8.94，它的(de)(de)熔點(dian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)1083℃，沸點(dian)：2582℃，抗拉強度：220～420MPa。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)質地軟而(er)韌，其延展性能好，易(yi)(yi)塑(su)性加(jia)工(gong)，導(dao)電性及導(dao)熱(re)性優良，良好的(de)(de)拋旋(xuan)光(guang)性，易(yi)(yi)氧化(hua)，尤其是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)熱(re)更易(yi)(yi)氧化(hua)，不能做(zuo)防護性鍍(du)(du)層(ceng)，會和(he)(he)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)硫作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)生(sheng)成褐色(se)硫化(hua)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，會和(he)(he)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中二氧化(hua)碳(tan)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)形(xing)成銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)錄，會和(he)(he)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中氯(lv)形(xing)成氯(lv)化(hua)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)粉末。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鍍(du)(du)層(ceng)具有良好均勻性、致密性、附著性及拋旋(xuan)光(guang)性等，所(suo)以(yi)可(ke)(ke)做(zuo)其它電鍍(du)(du)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)之底鍍(du)(du)鍍(du)(du)層(ceng)。鍍(du)(du)層(ceng)可(ke)(ke)做(zuo)為(wei)(wei)防止滲碳(tan)氮化(hua)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，唯一可(ke)(ke)實用(yong)于(yu)鋅鑄件電鍍(du)(du)打底用(yong)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)來源充(chong)足(zu)，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)容易(yi)(yi)電鍍(du)(du)，容易(yi)(yi)控制(zhi)(zhi)，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)電鍍(du)(du)量僅次(ci)于(yu)鎳。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)可(ke)(ke)分為(wei)(wei)紅(hong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)（紫銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)）、黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。紅(hong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)單(dan)純的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)，性軟而(er)熔點(dian)低，容易(yi)(yi)加(jia)工(gong)。所(suo)以(yi)鍛銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)藝絕大部分是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)紅(hong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)而(er)言。紅(hong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)性軟富延展性，又(you)能很(hen)好的(de)(de)表現(xian)作(zuo)(zuo)者的(de)(de)創作(zuo)(zuo)意圖，且(qie)色(se)澤渾厚、穩重，可(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)各種(zhong)裝飾(shi)材(cai)料(liao)、各種(zhong)環境(jing)配合(he)，既(ji)可(ke)(ke)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)大型壁畫、雕塑(su)，又(you)可(ke)(ke)做(zuo)靈活的(de)(de)局部點(dian)綴裝飾(shi)。所(suo)以(yi)這(zhe)種(zhong)工(gong)藝受到很(hen)多藝術(shu)家的(de)(de)偏愛，成為(wei)(wei)許多壁畫、雕塑(su)工(gong)程的(de)(de)首選材(cai)料(liao)。黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)純銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中加(jia)入(ru)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)錫冶煉而(er)成的(de)(de)，其性狀較硬，相對延展性較差，板材(cai)易(yi)(yi)變形(xing)，所(suo)以(yi)一般只適于(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)一些折皺少、大塊(kuai)面積的(de)(de)工(gong)藝品，如銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)字、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)牌等。青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)天(tian)然銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)里加(jia)入(ru)了50％的(de)(de)錫等材(cai)料(liao)后熔化(hua)成為(wei)(wei)青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)硬度要比(bi)原(yuan)(yuan)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)高，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熔點(dian)卻由原(yuan)(yuan)初的(de)(de)1083℃下(xia)降到800～960℃。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)料(liao)易(yi)(yi)加(jia)工(gong)，有一定準確度，耐久性好，并有一種(zhong)華(hua)貴、古雅、莊重的(de)(de)色(se)彩。
二、內射XXX韓國在線觀看:西(xi)安(an)鍛銅浮雕(diao)的加工工藝
銅經(jing)過不(bu)同的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)程(cheng)序，會(hui)產生不(bu)同的(de)(de)視覺(jue)美(mei)感和(he)(he)(he)觸覺(jue)美(mei)感。銅制(zhi)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)(su)的(de)(de)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)美(mei)是(shi)集材質之(zhi)美(mei)、工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)之(zhi)美(mei)和(he)(he)(he)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)美(mei)三(san)者(zhe)綜(zong)合的(de)(de)結(jie)晶。因(yin)此(ci)，學(xue)習和(he)(he)(he)研究銅制(zhi)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)(su)需要(yao)(yao)從這三(san)者(zhe)入手，即使是(shi)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)欣(xin)賞也是(shi)需要(yao)(yao)這三(san)方(fang)面來(lai)進行，如果只是(shi)從一個方(fang)面就很難了解和(he)(he)(he)把握銅制(zhi)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)(su)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)真諦和(he)(he)(he)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)內涵。由于不(bu)同種類(lei)的(de)(de)銅材料和(he)(he)(he)不(bu)同造(zao)型、結(jie)構的(de)(de)銅制(zhi)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)(su)對加工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)型工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)也不(bu)同。所以(yi)成(cheng)型和(he)(he)(he)制(zhi)作方(fang)法(fa)主要(yao)(yao)包括鑄造(zao)、鍛造(zao)、焊(han)接、鉚接、切(qie)割等五大(da)加工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)型工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，而且在裝飾工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)方(fang)面還主要(yao)(yao)有鑲嵌、雕(diao)金、鍍金和(he)(he)(he)鍍銀三(san)大(da)類(lei)。
（一(yi)）鑄造工藝
鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)工(gong)藝是(shi)銅雕塑的最(zui)古老的成型工(gong)藝之一，它(ta)的加工(gong)方(fang)法是(shi)首先(xian)要用黏土或者其(qi)它(ta)可塑材料做出(chu)原型，然后(hou)再翻成鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)模型，之后(hou)進行澆(jiao)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。根據鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)模型材料的不同，主要分為陶范鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)、金屬范鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)和(he)失蠟鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)（也(ye)稱翻沙鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)）。
1、陶范鑄造
它(ta)是(shi)我國最古老(lao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鑄造(zao)(zao)技術(shu)之一，我們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖先(xian)(xian)早在商(shang)代就(jiu)熟練地掌握了(le)這(zhe)(zhe)種工藝(yi)，并(bing)用此(ci)(ci)工藝(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)了(le)大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)(qing)銅(tong)藝(yi)術(shu)珍(zhen)品，成(cheng)就(jiu)了(le)享(xiang)譽世界(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)(qing)銅(tong)文化。陶范(fan)(fan)鑄造(zao)(zao)方法(fa)(fa)首(shou)先(xian)(xian)是(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)(fan)，“范(fan)(fan)”是(shi)指用于鑄造(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模子，制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)陶范(fan)(fan)要精選細(xi)黏土(tu)敷(fu)在模型(xing)(xing)(xing)上，待(dai)半(ban)干(gan)(gan)時分(fen)(fen)(fen)塊取(qu)下陰干(gan)(gan)，干(gan)(gan)透的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泥(ni)范(fan)(fan)再經焙燒成(cheng)為陶范(fan)(fan)①。這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)形成(cheng)了(le)外(wai)(wai)范(fan)(fan)，外(wai)(wai)范(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)片多少視造(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)雜程度(du)而定(ding)。如果要鑄成(cheng)中空(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)或器(qi)物，在做好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陶范(fan)(fan)外(wai)(wai)范(fan)(fan)后還要做陶范(fan)(fan)內(nei)范(fan)(fan)，外(wai)(wai)范(fan)(fan)與內(nei)范(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)間(jian)距離就(jiu)是(shi)澆(jiao)(jiao)鑄后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚度(du)。陶范(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上部要預先(xian)(xian)做好(hao)(hao)澆(jiao)(jiao)注口和出氣(qi)孔。最后把內(nei)、外(wai)(wai)范(fan)(fan)合起(qi)來，并(bing)敷(fu)上泥(ni)層進(jin)行加固。做好(hao)(hao)上述工作(zuo)，即(ji)可以熔銅(tong)澆(jiao)(jiao)鑄了(le)。對(dui)(dui)于造(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)復(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)，陶范(fan)(fan)鑄造(zao)(zao)往往無法(fa)(fa)一次成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，因此(ci)(ci)需要采用分(fen)(fen)(fen)鑄法(fa)(fa)。比如全(quan)身人像雕(diao)塑(su)(su)，我們將其頭與身體、四(si)肢(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)陶范(fan)(fan)，先(xian)(xian)將四(si)肢(zhi)鑄好(hao)(hao)暫不拿(na)出，再與軀(qu)干(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陶范(fan)(fan)對(dui)(dui)接起(qi)來，澆(jiao)(jiao)鑄軀(qu)干(gan)(gan)時四(si)肢(zhi)便與軀(qu)干(gan)(gan)鑄成(cheng)一體了(le)。
西安易銅坊雕塑工程有限公司(17691083840)公司主要經營內射XXX韓國在線觀看:鍛銅雕塑(su)定制,浮雕,不銹鋼雕塑和石雕.擁有多位資深雕塑設計師,從事雕塑和浮雕設計.公司技術力量雄厚,施工隊伍一流。
一、銅的物理(li)化學性質及其分類
銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人類發現(xian)最早而(er)且(qie)又(you)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)常被應(ying)用(yong)得(de)得(de)心應(ying)手的(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)化(hua)學符號是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)Cu、原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)序數是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)29、原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)量是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)63.546，色(se)澤呈玫瑰紅(hong)色(se)，比(bi)重是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)8.94，它的(de)(de)熔點(dian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)1083℃，沸點(dian)：2582℃，抗拉強度：220～420MPa。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)質地軟而(er)韌，其延展性能好，易(yi)(yi)塑(su)性加(jia)工(gong)，導(dao)電性及導(dao)熱(re)性優良，良好的(de)(de)拋旋(xuan)光(guang)性，易(yi)(yi)氧化(hua)，尤其是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)熱(re)更易(yi)(yi)氧化(hua)，不能做(zuo)防護性鍍(du)(du)層(ceng)，會和(he)(he)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)硫作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)生(sheng)成褐色(se)硫化(hua)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，會和(he)(he)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中二氧化(hua)碳(tan)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)形(xing)成銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)錄，會和(he)(he)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中氯(lv)形(xing)成氯(lv)化(hua)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)粉末。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)鍍(du)(du)層(ceng)具有良好均勻性、致密性、附著性及拋旋(xuan)光(guang)性等，所(suo)以(yi)可(ke)(ke)做(zuo)其它電鍍(du)(du)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)之底鍍(du)(du)鍍(du)(du)層(ceng)。鍍(du)(du)層(ceng)可(ke)(ke)做(zuo)為(wei)(wei)防止滲碳(tan)氮化(hua)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，唯一可(ke)(ke)實用(yong)于(yu)鋅鑄件電鍍(du)(du)打底用(yong)。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)來源充(chong)足(zu)，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)容易(yi)(yi)電鍍(du)(du)，容易(yi)(yi)控制(zhi)(zhi)，銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)電鍍(du)(du)量僅次(ci)于(yu)鎳。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)可(ke)(ke)分為(wei)(wei)紅(hong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)（紫銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)）、黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。紅(hong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)單(dan)純的(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)，性軟而(er)熔點(dian)低，容易(yi)(yi)加(jia)工(gong)。所(suo)以(yi)鍛銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)藝絕大部分是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)紅(hong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)而(er)言。紅(hong)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)性軟富延展性，又(you)能很(hen)好的(de)(de)表現(xian)作(zuo)(zuo)者的(de)(de)創作(zuo)(zuo)意圖，且(qie)色(se)澤渾厚、穩重，可(ke)(ke)和(he)(he)各種(zhong)裝飾(shi)材(cai)料(liao)、各種(zhong)環境(jing)配合(he)，既(ji)可(ke)(ke)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)大型壁畫、雕塑(su)，又(you)可(ke)(ke)做(zuo)靈活的(de)(de)局部點(dian)綴裝飾(shi)。所(suo)以(yi)這(zhe)種(zhong)工(gong)藝受到很(hen)多藝術(shu)家的(de)(de)偏愛，成為(wei)(wei)許多壁畫、雕塑(su)工(gong)程的(de)(de)首選材(cai)料(liao)。黃(huang)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)純銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中加(jia)入(ru)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)錫冶煉而(er)成的(de)(de)，其性狀較硬，相對延展性較差，板材(cai)易(yi)(yi)變形(xing)，所(suo)以(yi)一般只適于(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)一些折皺少、大塊(kuai)面積的(de)(de)工(gong)藝品，如銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)字、銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)牌等。青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)天(tian)然銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)里加(jia)入(ru)了50％的(de)(de)錫等材(cai)料(liao)后熔化(hua)成為(wei)(wei)青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)硬度要比(bi)原(yuan)(yuan)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)高，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)熔點(dian)卻由原(yuan)(yuan)初的(de)(de)1083℃下(xia)降到800～960℃。銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)材(cai)料(liao)易(yi)(yi)加(jia)工(gong)，有一定準確度，耐久性好，并有一種(zhong)華(hua)貴、古雅、莊重的(de)(de)色(se)彩。
銅經(jing)過不(bu)同的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)技術(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)程(cheng)序，會(hui)產生不(bu)同的(de)(de)視覺(jue)美(mei)感和(he)(he)(he)觸覺(jue)美(mei)感。銅制(zhi)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)(su)的(de)(de)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)美(mei)是(shi)集材質之(zhi)美(mei)、工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)之(zhi)美(mei)和(he)(he)(he)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)美(mei)三(san)者(zhe)綜(zong)合的(de)(de)結(jie)晶。因(yin)此(ci)，學(xue)習和(he)(he)(he)研究銅制(zhi)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)(su)需要(yao)(yao)從這三(san)者(zhe)入手，即使是(shi)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)欣(xin)賞也是(shi)需要(yao)(yao)這三(san)方(fang)面來(lai)進行，如果只是(shi)從一個方(fang)面就很難了解和(he)(he)(he)把握銅制(zhi)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)(su)藝(yi)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)真諦和(he)(he)(he)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)內涵。由于不(bu)同種類(lei)的(de)(de)銅材料和(he)(he)(he)不(bu)同造(zao)型、結(jie)構的(de)(de)銅制(zhi)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)(su)對加工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)型工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)也不(bu)同。所以(yi)成(cheng)型和(he)(he)(he)制(zhi)作方(fang)法(fa)主要(yao)(yao)包括鑄造(zao)、鍛造(zao)、焊(han)接、鉚接、切(qie)割等五大(da)加工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)型工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，而且在裝飾工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)方(fang)面還主要(yao)(yao)有鑲嵌、雕(diao)金、鍍金和(he)(he)(he)鍍銀三(san)大(da)類(lei)。
（一(yi)）鑄造工藝
鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)工(gong)藝是(shi)銅雕塑的最(zui)古老的成型工(gong)藝之一，它(ta)的加工(gong)方(fang)法是(shi)首先(xian)要用黏土或者其(qi)它(ta)可塑材料做出(chu)原型，然后(hou)再翻成鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)模型，之后(hou)進行澆(jiao)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。根據鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)模型材料的不同，主要分為陶范鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)、金屬范鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)和(he)失蠟鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)（也(ye)稱翻沙鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造(zao)）。
1、陶范鑄造
它(ta)是(shi)我國最古老(lao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鑄造(zao)(zao)技術(shu)之一，我們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖先(xian)(xian)早在商(shang)代就(jiu)熟練地掌握了(le)這(zhe)(zhe)種工藝(yi)，并(bing)用此(ci)(ci)工藝(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)了(le)大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)(qing)銅(tong)藝(yi)術(shu)珍(zhen)品，成(cheng)就(jiu)了(le)享(xiang)譽世界(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)青(qing)(qing)銅(tong)文化。陶范(fan)(fan)鑄造(zao)(zao)方法(fa)(fa)首(shou)先(xian)(xian)是(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)范(fan)(fan)，“范(fan)(fan)”是(shi)指用于鑄造(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模子，制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)陶范(fan)(fan)要精選細(xi)黏土(tu)敷(fu)在模型(xing)(xing)(xing)上，待(dai)半(ban)干(gan)(gan)時分(fen)(fen)(fen)塊取(qu)下陰干(gan)(gan)，干(gan)(gan)透的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)泥(ni)范(fan)(fan)再經焙燒成(cheng)為陶范(fan)(fan)①。這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)形成(cheng)了(le)外(wai)(wai)范(fan)(fan)，外(wai)(wai)范(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)(fen)片多少視造(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)雜程度(du)而定(ding)。如果要鑄成(cheng)中空(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)或器(qi)物，在做好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陶范(fan)(fan)外(wai)(wai)范(fan)(fan)后還要做陶范(fan)(fan)內(nei)范(fan)(fan)，外(wai)(wai)范(fan)(fan)與內(nei)范(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)間(jian)距離就(jiu)是(shi)澆(jiao)(jiao)鑄后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚度(du)。陶范(fan)(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上部要預先(xian)(xian)做好(hao)(hao)澆(jiao)(jiao)注口和出氣(qi)孔。最后把內(nei)、外(wai)(wai)范(fan)(fan)合起(qi)來，并(bing)敷(fu)上泥(ni)層進(jin)行加固。做好(hao)(hao)上述工作(zuo)，即(ji)可以熔銅(tong)澆(jiao)(jiao)鑄了(le)。對(dui)(dui)于造(zao)(zao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)復(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雕(diao)塑(su)(su)，陶范(fan)(fan)鑄造(zao)(zao)往往無法(fa)(fa)一次成(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)，因此(ci)(ci)需要采用分(fen)(fen)(fen)鑄法(fa)(fa)。比如全(quan)身人像雕(diao)塑(su)(su)，我們將其頭與身體、四(si)肢(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)別制(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)陶范(fan)(fan)，先(xian)(xian)將四(si)肢(zhi)鑄好(hao)(hao)暫不拿(na)出，再與軀(qu)干(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)陶范(fan)(fan)對(dui)(dui)接起(qi)來，澆(jiao)(jiao)鑄軀(qu)干(gan)(gan)時四(si)肢(zhi)便與軀(qu)干(gan)(gan)鑄成(cheng)一體了(le)。
西安易銅坊雕塑工程有限公司(17691083840)公司主要經營內射XXX韓國在線觀看:鍛銅雕塑(su)定制,浮雕,不銹鋼雕塑和石雕.擁有多位資深雕塑設計師,從事雕塑和浮雕設計.公司技術力量雄厚,施工隊伍一流。
相關產品
相關文章
- 內射XXX韓國在線觀看:西安鍛銅雕塑,鍛銅佛像制作工藝2018年11月17日
- 內射XXX韓國在線觀看:西安鍛銅雕塑設計哪家好-易銅坊雕塑2018年(nian)11月(yue)29日
- 內射XXX韓國在線觀看:西安鍛銅雕塑廠哪家好-易銅坊雕塑2018年(nian)12月04日
- 內射XXX韓國在線觀看:西安鍛銅雕塑在景觀雕塑中的位置2018年12月11日
- 內射XXX韓國在線觀看:西安鍛銅雕塑在城市景觀雕塑中的地位2018年12月26日